The Art of Illumination

Belles Heures of Jean de France, duc de Berry, 1405–1408/9. Herman, Paul, and Jean de Limbourg (Franco-Netherlandish, active in France by 1399–1416). French; Made in Paris. Ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum; 9 3/8 x 6 5/8 in. (23.8 x 16.8 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, The Cloisters Collection, 1954 (54.1.1).

The Story of Saint Jerome
Saint Jerome Ordained as a Cardinal, Folio 184r

Jerome is seen from behind, completely enveloped in his monastic habit but distinguished by his halo. He kneels to receive the cardinal’s hat from the crowned pope, who also offers blessing. The elaborate architectural surround provides choir stalls for the flanking cardinals as well as a cathedra (an official throne) for the pope. Two bishops in miters surround the saint below. In color as well as form, it is a rigorously designed composition.